A cultural trip to Niš can focus on several historical themes: Mediana, a luxurious Roman settlement from the early 4th century; the Turkish fortress from the 18th century; and memorial sites relating to the Second World War. The synagogue now known as the Synagogue Gallery also reflects different phases of construction and use. If you’re looking for a hotel in Niš, your preferred focus can be a useful starting point for planning your trip: first decide whether you’re most interested in archaeological remains, fortress architecture, or the history of remembrance.
Memorial sites and their history
The Skull Tower was built from the skulls of fallen Serbian soldiers after the Battle of Čegar. Its square main tower is about four metres high; 58 skulls remain there today.
Another part of the history of remembrance leads to the concentration camp at Crveni Krst, which the Germans established in September 1941. During the escape attempt on 12 February 1942, 105 prisoners escaped, while 42 died at the camp fences. The “February 12” Memorial Complex includes documents, identity cards, letters, weapons, personal belongings, and photographs of prisoners, assembled after the war. The collection presents personal testimonies and objects alongside the figures from the escape attempt.
Synagogue and fortress
The synagogue now known as the Synagogue Gallery, on Davidova Street, was built in 1925 on the site of an older synagogue that was destroyed in a fire on 15 August 1879. Following extensive restoration in 2009, the building became an exhibition space for the National Museum. Its architectural history can thus be divided into three phases: the earlier building, the construction of the 1925 building, and its later restoration and subsequent use as an exhibition space.
Niš Fortress is a well-preserved Turkish fortress from the 18th century. It stands in the heart of the city on the banks of the Nišava. Four gates are exceptionally well preserved: the Stambol Gate, the Belgrade Gate, the Vidin Gate, and the Great Gate. Visitors can also see the well-preserved Bali-Bey Mosque inside the fortress. In summer, the site serves as a venue for the Nišville music festival. If the festival is important to your trip, check the specific festival dates in advance; they may vary.
Mediana and Roman traces
Mediana was built as a luxurious settlement in the early 4th century. Mosaics and frescoes have been discovered in more than 80 luxurious buildings on the site. The remains of Roman baths and a granary complex can also be seen there. This makes Mediana a different focus from the fortress: here, the emphasis is on a Roman settlement and its archaeological remains, while the fortress is a Turkish fortification with preserved gates and a mosque open to visitors. This comparison can help you choose the historical focus of your stay.
Practical note for air travel
Passengers can buy tickets for flights departing from Niš at the “Aero Turs” travel agency in the passenger terminal hall. As terminal services may change, confirm this service in advance if ticket sales there are important to your plans.
Discover more destinations: Berbatovo, Jovanovac, Braljina, Donje Vlase, Čukurovac, Niška Banja, Prosek.
Return to the regional travel overview: Nišava District.
