Ohrid lies on the shore of Lake Ohrid and is one of the oldest human settlements in Europe. The Old Town is a distinctive focal point: its exceptionally well-preserved, authentic ancient urban ensemble is adapted to the lakeshore and the terrain. Sacred and secular architecture shape it together. Ohrid’s architecture is considered the best-preserved and most complete ensemble of ancient urban architecture in this part of Europe.

Old Town, churches and mosaics

There are numerous archaeological sites in the centre of Ohrid. These include early Christian basilicas known for their mosaic floors. The Church of St. Sophia is considered Ohrid’s largest and most important surviving cultural and historical monument, and one of the most significant in North Macedonia. The cityscape offers different facets of its cultural heritage: ancient architecture, early Christian sites and important sacred buildings.

The icon collection also brings together art and local history. Most of its icons were created in medieval painting workshops in Ohrid. About ten of the collection’s icons are decorated with silver fittings. The Ohrid Icon Gallery is located in the museum complex of the Church of St. Mary Peribleptos. The works’ history of production and their present location can therefore be viewed as two distinct aspects of the collection.

A closer look at the locations of individual cultural sites

The Church of St. John at Kaneo stands on a high cliff in the Old Town, on the shore of Lake Ohrid and above the former fishing settlement of Kaneo. Its location brings together three clear points of reference: the cliff, the lakeshore and the historic settlement. Those interested in sacred buildings can consider this site alongside St. Sophia; however, the two churches represent different impressions of Ohrid’s cityscape.

In the wider destination of Ohrid, the Ancient Theatre was built during the Hellenistic period, around the end of the 3rd or beginning of the 2nd century. It was intended for dramatic, musical and poetic performances. Since 2001, theatre and music performances, along with other events, have been held on its reconstructed open-air stage. If you would like to combine your visit with an event, check the specific dates before travelling.

The wider natural and cultural landscape of Ohrid

The wider destination of Ohrid also includes Lake Ohrid as a natural area. This deep lake of tectonic origin has existed continuously for approximately two to three million years. Its oligotrophic waters preserve more than 200 species of plants and animals found only in this lake. These include algae, flatworms, snails and crustaceans, as well as 17 endemic fish species, including two trout species. The lake’s rich birdlife is also one of its natural assets.

The Lake Ohrid region is a mixed World Heritage site covering approximately 94,729 hectares. To the east of Ohrid rises Galicica National Park; its highest peak, Magaro, is at 2,582 metres. Approximately two thirds of the national park lie within the boundaries of the World Heritage site Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid Region. These details relate to the wider natural and cultural landscape and complement the city’s history with a distinct regional perspective.

This way, your choice of destination can reflect the interests that are actually bringing you to Ohrid.

Discover more destinations: Velestovo, Peshtani, Kuratica, Trpejca, Ramne, Lagadin.

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