Iceland includes the only section of the actively spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge visible above sea level. Alongside this geological feature, cultural sites and protected areas invite visitors to discover different sides of the island.
History at Þingvellir
The Alþing assembly met at Þingvellir annually from around 930 AD until 1798. Þingvellir was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004 for its cultural value. These two dates tell different chapters: the assembly is part of the site's long history, while the recognition records its status as a World Heritage Site.
National parks with distinct features
Iceland has three national parks, each with its own special attractions. Trails, visitor facilities and information about natural and cultural heritage make it easier for visitors to access the national parks. At Þingvellir, visitors can enjoy walks and hikes, guided hikes, fishing and snorkeling. Hiking is one of the recreational activities available to visitors at Vatnajökull National Park. Snæfellsjökull National Park is distinct for its size: it is Iceland's only national park that extends from the seashore to the mountain peaks.
Protected areas: origins and access
Surtsey was formed by volcanic eruptions from 1963 to 1967 and has been legally protected since its formation. The nature reserve is completely closed to the public. At Surtsey, therefore, its origins and protected status go hand in hand, while visiting the site is not possible.
Hornstrandir lies in the northern part of the Westfjords Peninsula and is a protected area covering 589 square kilometers. The region offers numerous hiking trails, ranging from fairly easy to more challenging routes. Visitors can also see and photograph Arctic foxes there in both winter and summer. Hiking and wildlife watching are therefore different reasons to explore the region.
The most common way to reach Hornstrandir is by sea; scheduled departures are available from Ísafjörður, Bolungarvík and Norðurfjörður in Strandir. Since schedules can change, check departures before your trip.
Hiking trails and travel season
For Kerlingarfjöll, the Environment Agency has published a hiking brochure featuring eight trails divided into three difficulty levels. These levels provide a specific comparison of the trails described, without suggesting that all routes are equally demanding. Snæfellsjökull National Park also offers a distinctive landscape, extending from the coast to the peaks.
The Northern Lights are clearly visible in Iceland from late August to late April; visibility depends on the weather. Iceland's geothermal pools stay warm and inviting all year round. This means a seasonal natural phenomenon that depends on the weather is complemented by pools whose water stays warm throughout the year.
Iceland has more than 120 swimming pools. Most are heated with geothermal water from deep underground wells. Along with hiking trails and the diverse themes of the national parks, this bathing culture offers another perspective on the country: alongside its landscape and history, swimming is also among the experiences that define Iceland.
Discover more destinations: Geysir, Skaftafell, Reykholt, Sudurland, Vesturland, Austurland, Nordurland Eystra, Westfjords, Höfudborgarsvædi, Stykkishólmur, Norðurland Vestra, Suðurnes, Flatey, Thorlakshöfn
