On April 17, 2019, UNESCO recognized the Imbabura Global Geopark, the first Global Geopark in the country. It is located in Imbabura Province in Ecuador’s Andean region. Volcanoes, lakes, mountains and rich biodiversity shape the landscape. A journey through Imbabura offers a range of discoveries: from volcanic formations and wildlife to places of spiritual or cultural significance.

Volcanic Landscapes and Wildlife

The province’s landscape includes the Imbabura, Mojanda, Cotacachi–Cuicocha and Chachimbiro volcanic complexes. Lakes and lagoons, waterfalls, springs, different climate zones and geomorphological sites add to this diversity. The volcanic terrain of the Global Geopark is home to the spectacled bear, the only bear species native to South America, and the Andean condor, one of the world’s largest flying birds.

Laguna de Cuicocha is a striking example of the area’s geology. It lies in an active volcanic caldera and has deep blue waters. Steep walls of dacite lava, ash and deposits from structural collapses surround the lagoon. Two volcanic islands lie within the caldera: Yerovi and Teodoro Wolf. The Cotacachi–Cuicocha geosite is in Imbabura Province and is part of Parque Nacional Cotacachi-Cayapas.

The spiritual connection is also part of understanding this place: Laguna Cuicocha is sacred to Indigenous peoples. The lagoon and volcanic sites of the geosite can be reached via marked trails, viewpoints and tourism services managed in coordination with the protected area. Check current local conditions before making plans.

Trails, Water and Nature Experiences

The 14.5-kilometer Gorki-Campusano trail runs along the edge of Cuicocha’s volcanic caldera. Its stated length provides a specific point of reference for planning.

Lago San Pablo offers a different landscape: it is the largest body of water in the province and was formed by tectonic and glacial activity. Boating, artisanal fishing and birdwatching are possible at the lake. At Lago San Pablo, the focus is on the water and wildlife observations by the lake, while Cuicocha is defined above all by its caldera, islands and trail along the volcanic rim.

Cascada de Peguche can be reached via a side road to the community of Faccha Llacta; well-marked trails are available for visitors. The waterfall is a sacred place for the peoples of Otavalo and a setting for purification rituals before Inti Raymi. Its surroundings are also home to a variety of wildlife: birds include the king hummingbird, the quilico and the burrowing owl; reptiles, toads and lizards from the inter-Andean valleys are also found here. Nature observation and cultural significance meet in the same place.

The canton of Pimampiro offers more opportunities for active exploration. Laguna Puruhanta is a natural attraction in Parque Nacional Cayambe-Coca. Activities offered at the lagoon include trekking, birdwatching, sport fishing, camping and photography. Trekking, birdwatching and photography are also possible on the Camino del Inca, which offers views of Laguna Puruhanta. The drive from the city of Pimampiro to the El Tambo sector takes one hour, followed by a two- to three-hour walk. Road and trail conditions can change; check them before setting out.

Culture and Sports in Imbabura

In San Pedro de Pimampiro, Trueque o cambeo takes place as a festive exchange gathering during the Semana Santa celebrations. If you plan to attend, check the current calendar before your trip. Pimampiro’s traditional Carrera de Coches de Madera is also part of the local sporting tradition; it combines tradition and adrenaline and is considered an extreme sport.

Another sporting option is the “El Calvario 2.5K” downhill course in Pimampiro. It starts in the community of El Tejar at an elevation of 2,683 meters and ends at the municipal sports complex at 2,158 meters. Along the 2.5-kilometer route, fast and technical sections alternate with stairs and jumps; the course meets the standards required by the UCI. Since course conditions and event schedules can change, it is advisable to check for updates before visiting.

The different highlights can help you choose which experiences to enjoy: Cuicocha combines a caldera, islands and a long trail along the volcanic rim; at Lago San Pablo, options include boating and birdwatching; around Pimampiro, activities range from trekking to downhill biking. This lets you explore Imbabura according to your interests without reducing the landscape to a single way of traveling.

Discover more destinations: Otavalo, Iluman, Ibarra, Cahuasquí, Ambuqui, Llurimaguas, Cotacachi, Guadual, Urcusiqui, Urcuqui, Parroquia de Tumbabiro, Plaza Gutierrez, Peñaherrera.

For the broader travel overview: Ecuador.